Why are most drugs formulated as salts?

Most drugs are formulated as salts primarily to enhance solubility and absorption. The solubility of a compound significantly affects its bioavailability, which is the proportion of a drug that enters the bloodstream when introduced into the body. When a drug is in its salt form, it can often dissolve more readily in bodily fluids, allowing for better absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. This is particularly important for oral medications, where the drug needs to be absorbed through the intestinal lining to be effective.

Furthermore, forming salts can help to stabilize the drug, making it easier to handle and formulate into pharmaceutical products. Different salt forms can also be employed to optimize the pharmacokinetic properties of a drug, such as its dissolution behavior, which can directly impact how quickly and efficiently the drug acts within the body.

While the other options touch on various aspects of drug formulation, they do not directly address the primary reason for salting drugs in relation to pharmacokinetics as comprehensively as enhancing solubility and absorption does.